Many parents want to help their children earn a degree. But as the cost of college continues to climb, more families are turning to borrowing loans to pay for college.
Parent PLUS loans are a type of federal student loan available to parents of undergraduate students. They come with competitive fixed rates and offer many of the same borrower perks as other federal loans. But are they right for you? This guide will help you decide.
How do parent PLUS loans work?
Parent PLUS loans are one of two types of PLUS Loans offered by the Department of Education. PLUS Loans for graduate and professional students are the other type.
Also called Direct PLUS Loans, parent PLUS loans are intended to help cover additional school costs once Subsidized and Unsubsidized Direct Loans have been exhausted. These parent loans are taken out in the parent's name, unlike student loans that a student borrower takes out directly, or private student loans that a student takes out but that parents cosign for.
Like all federal loans, PLUS Loans come with a fixed rate and special borrower benefits. PLUS Loans are available to parents who meet specific criteria:
- You are the biological, adoptive, or (in some cases) stepparent of a dependent undergraduate student who is attending an eligible school at least half-time.
- You don’t have an adverse credit history, such as recent foreclosures or defaults. Or, if you do, you meet additional requirements such as documenting extenuating circumstances or obtaining an endorser who, like a cosigner, agrees to share responsibility for your loan.
- You meet other general eligibility requirements for federal student loans, including being a U.S. citizen or qualifying noncitizen.
Benefits of parent PLUS loans
There are many important perks of parent PLUS loans that parents and undergraduates should consider when deciding how to fund a college education. Here are some of the biggest advantages:
- Ability to borrow up to the full cost of attendance: While there are lifetime and annual borrowing limits for other types of federal student aid, parent PLUS loans aren't subject to these restrictions. You can borrow up to the school-certified cost of attendance, minus other aid like scholarships and grants.
- Fixed interest rates: Parent PLUS loans offer competitive interest rates and neither the rate nor monthly payments will change over time. By contrast, some private student loan lenders offer variable-rate loans, meaning that the interest you pay can change regularly.
- More relaxed credit requirements: While private student lenders do a full financial assessment when deciding whether to provide a loan, parent PLUS loans are easier to qualify for. You simply can't have adverse credit or, if you do, must have justification for the issues or an endorser to guarantee the loan.
- More repayment options: Private student loans for parents typically come with a set payment schedule that can't be changed. Parent PLUS loans offer multiple payment options, and parents can even access income-driven plans and loan forgiveness if they consolidate their PLUS Loans.
- Deferment and forbearance options: Parents facing financial hardship can qualify for deferment or forbearance in multiple situations, including for economic hardship or while undergoing cancer treatment. There are more options to pause payments with PLUS Loans than with private loans.
Lender
Fixed (APR)
Loan Amounts
Min. Credit Score
Credible rating
3.39% - 15.13%
$2,001 to $400,000
Does not disclose
Overview
While Ascent provides traditional student loans for undergraduate, graduate, and medical programs, it also stands out with some options that are uncommon among private student loan lenders. For example, its Outcomes-Based Loan, which doesn't require established credit or a cosigner, is available to juniors and seniors. When assessing your application, Ascent considers factors including your school, major, and GPA to determine if you're eligible.
Ascent also offers its Progressive Repayment plan to qualified borrowers. It allows you to begin with smaller payments at the start of the repayment term and then gradually pay more each month over time. If you borrow with a cosigner, they can be released after you make as few as 12 monthly payments. However, cosigners for loans for international students do not qualify.
pros
- Doesn’t charge application fees or origination fees
- Offers discounts of 0.25 to 1 percentage points when using automatic payment
- Can get a 1% cash-back reward after you graduate
- Grace periods from 9 months to 36 months
cons
- May find lower interest rates with some competitors
- International students don’t have option to release cosigners
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 7, 10, 12, 15, or 20 years
Loan amounts
$2,001 minimum up to your school’s annual cost of attendance; lifetime limits of $200,000 for undergrads and $400,000 for graduates
Cosigner release
12 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or DACA student enrolled at least half time at an eligible institution. International students with a qualified cosigner may also qualify. Applicants who can’t meet financial, credit, or other requirements may qualify with a cosigner.
Credible rating
3.47% - 17.99%
$1,000 up to 100% of the school-certified cost of attendance
Does not disclose
Overview
College Ave offers student loans for almost every type of degree program, with a range of repayment options, including a unique eight-year repayment term. Additionally, you can get extended grace periods of as long as 36 months on graduate, dental, and medical student loans.
It's also possible to get loan approval for multiple school years at one time. About 90% of undergraduates applying with a cosigner are approved for additional student loans. However, you must complete at least half of your repayment term before you can remove a cosigner for your loan. Some lenders allow cosigners to be released much sooner, after as few as one to two years of payments.
pros
- Rate discount of one-quarter of a percentage point for using autopay
- Does not charge origination or application fees
- May qualify for multiyear approval
- Grace periods between 9 and 36 months for graduate, MBA, law, dental, and medical school loans and 36 months
cons
- Parents borrowers are required to pay at least the interest while the student is in school
- Cosigners not eligible for release until at least half the repayment term of the loan is completed
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 8, 10, or 15 years for most borrowers (law, dental, medical, and other health profession students have up to 20 years)
Loan amounts
$1,000 minimum up to your school’s annual cost of attendance; lifetime limits depend on your degree and credit profile
Cosigner release
Available after more than half of the scheduled repayment period has elapsed and other requirements are met
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident at an eligible institution. International students with a Social Security number and a qualified cosigner may also qualify. Applicants who can’t meet financial, credit, or other requirements may qualify with a cosigner.
Credible rating
3.49% - 15.49%
$1,000 up to 100% of school-certified cost of attendance
Does not disclose
Overview
Sallie Mae offers the Smart Option Student Loan for undergraduate students and a suite of loans for graduate students. You can borrow up to your school-certified cost of attendance and apply just once annually to get the funds you need for the entire academic year. Plus, applying for a Smart Option Student Loan with a cosigner may help you get a better rate.
Through Sallie Mae, you can find a variety of loans designed for specific needs, including loans for MBA programs, law school, medical school, and health profession programs.
pros
- Can borrow up to school-certified cost of attendance
- No prepayment or origination fees
- Loans available to noncitizens with an eligible cosigner
- Cosigner release after 12 on-time payments
cons
- No parent loan options
- No option to check your rates through prequalification
- Loan terms not disclosed until after you apply
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
10 to 15 years for the Smart Option Student Loan; 15 years for law school, MBA, and graduate school loans; 20 years for medical school loans
Loan amounts
$1,000 up to school-certified cost of attendance. Student must be listed as the borrower, and a parent may cosign.
Cosigner release
After you graduate, make 12 one-time principal and interest payments, and meet certain credit requirements
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident enrolled in an eligible program. Noncitizens residing and attending school in the U.S. may qualify by applying with a creditworthy cosigner, who must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident, and providing an unexpired government-issued photo ID.
Credible rating
3.69% - 14.22%
$1,000 up to cost of attendance
680
Overview
ELFI a division of Tennessee-based SouthEast Bank, offers private student loans and refinancing for undergraduates, graduates, and parents. Borrowers can take out loans starting at $1,000, with options up to the full cost of attendance at their school.
ELFI student loans are available to students nationwide who are enrolled in a bachelor's degree program or higher. Borrowers can choose from multiple repayment terms and benefit from competitive interest rates and support from a dedicated Student Loan Advisor. However, ELFI doesn't offer cosigner release or rate discounts, which may limit flexibility for some borrowers.
pros
- Receive support from a dedicated Student Loan Advisor
- Transparent credit and income requirements
- Flexible repayment terms
cons
- Must be enrolled in a bachelor’s degree program or higher
- Cosigners can’t be released from the loan
- No autopay rate discounts available
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
680
Minimum income
$35,000
Loan terms
5, 7, 10, or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,000 - Cost of attendance
Cosigner release
A cosigner may not be taken off a loan, but the borrower can apply for a new loan without their cosigner.
Eligibility
All 50 states as well as Washington DC and Puerto Rico.
Credible rating
3.99% - 15.61%
$1,000 to $350,000 (depending on degree)
720
Overview
Citizens Bank offers private student loans for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as parents. With its multiyear approval option, you can apply for a loan once, and as long as you qualify, you won't need to reapply each year. This means you can secure loans for future academic years without multiple hard credit checks.
Citizens borrowers can also take advantage of interest rate discounts. If you or your cosigner has an account with Citizens Bank, you can reduce your rate by 0.25 percentage points. Another 0.25 percentage points can be shaved off by enrolling in automatic payments, giving you the chance to lower your rate by up to 0.5 percentage points.
pros
- Multiyear approval lets you secure funding for future school years
- You can reduce your rate by 0.5 percentage points with autopay and loyalty discounts
- International students can apply with a qualified cosigner
cons
- Fewer repayment terms to choose from than some other lenders
- Long wait time for cosigner release
- Parents can’t defer payments while student is in school
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 10, or 15 years for student loans; 5 or 10 years for parent loans
Loan amounts
$1,000 minimum, up to a maximum of $225,000 for undergraduate and graduate degrees; $300,000 for MBA and law; and $225,000 or $400,000 for health care student loans, depending on the degree type
Cosigner release
36 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident enrolled at least half-time in a degree-granting program at an eligible institution. International students can apply with a cosigner who’s a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
Credible rating
4.24% - 14.02%
$1,000 to $99,999 annually $180,000 aggregate limit)
Does not disclose
Overview
Citizens Bank offers private student loans for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as parents. With its multiyear approval option, you can apply for a loan once, and as long as you qualify, you won't need to reapply each year. This means you can secure loans for future academic years without multiple hard credit checks.
Citizens borrowers can also take advantage of interest rate discounts. If you or your cosigner has an account with Citizens Bank, you can reduce your rate by 0.25 percentage points. Another 0.25 percentage points can be shaved off by enrolling in automatic payments, giving you the chance to lower your rate by up to 0.5 percentage points.
pros
- Multiyear approval lets you secure funding for future school years
- You can reduce your rate by 0.5 percentage points with autopay and loyalty discounts
- International students can apply with a qualified cosigner
- Offers parent student loans
cons
- Fewer repayment terms to choose from than some other lenders
- Long wait time for cosigner release
- Parents can’t defer payments while student is in school
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
7, 10, or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,000 to $99,999 per year (lifetime limit of $180,000)
Cosigner release
36 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident at an eligible institution. You must also meet Custom Choice’s underwriting criteria for income and credit, or apply with a cosigner who does. Eligible noncitizens such as DACA residents can also qualify by applying with a cosigner who’s a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
Credible rating
4.95% - 8.82%
$1,001 up to 100% of school certified cost of attendance
670
Overview
INvested is an Indiana company that offers affordable student loans exclusively to state residents. Loans are available to Indiana students and parents who can meet income and credit requirements, or who have an eligible cosigner. Borrowers can borrow as little as $1,001 or as much as the school-certified cost of attendance minus other aid.
INvested provides detailed information on eligibility so borrowers can quickly determine whether to apply for a loan — however, there’s no option to prequalify with a soft credit check. Cosigner release is also available after just 12 on-time payments, considerably shorter than many other lenders.
pros
- Low minimum borrowing limits
- Autopay discount of 0.25 percentage points
- Short cosigner release requirements
- Transparent qualification requirements
cons
- Loans are available only to Indiana residents
- No prequalification option to view your rates
- No loan options for international students
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
670
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 10, or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,001 minimum, up to the school certified cost of attendance
Cosigner release
12 months
Eligibility
Loans are available to Indiana residents only. Borrowers must have a FICO score of 670 or higher, a 30% maximum debt-to-income ratio or minimum monthly income of $3,333, continuous employment over two years, and no major collections or defaults in recent years. Borrowers who do not meet income or credit requirements can apply with a cosigner.
Credible rating
5.75% - 8.95%
$1,500 up to school’s certified cost of attendance less aid
670
Overview
Massachusetts Educational Financing Authority (MEFA) offers student loans to borrowers with good credit. However, you won't be able to see your potential rate before applying.
The lender doesn't charge any fees and its rates are competitive, though MEFA only offers two repayment terms. You can add a cosigner to your loan if you're unable to qualify, but only one repayment plan allows you to release your cosigner.
pros
- Doesn’t charge any fees
- Low maximum rate compared with some lenders
- Can borrow up to the school-certified cost of attendance
cons
- No discounts for borrowers
- Limited repayment terms
- No prequalification available
Interest rates
Fixed
Minimum credit score
670
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
10 or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,500 minimum up to school-certified cost of attendance
Cosigner release
48 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident, enrolled at least half time at a degree-granting, nonprofit institution, and must maintain satisfactory academic progress. Must have no history of default on an education loan and no history of bankruptcy or foreclosure in the past 60 months. Applicants who can’t meet the minimum credit and income requirements may apply with a cosigner.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
3.39% - 15.13%
Loan Amounts
$2,001 to $400,000
Min. Credit Score
Does not disclose
Overview
While Ascent provides traditional student loans for undergraduate, graduate, and medical programs, it also stands out with some options that are uncommon among private student loan lenders. For example, its Outcomes-Based Loan, which doesn't require established credit or a cosigner, is available to juniors and seniors. When assessing your application, Ascent considers factors including your school, major, and GPA to determine if you're eligible.
Ascent also offers its Progressive Repayment plan to qualified borrowers. It allows you to begin with smaller payments at the start of the repayment term and then gradually pay more each month over time. If you borrow with a cosigner, they can be released after you make as few as 12 monthly payments. However, cosigners for loans for international students do not qualify.
pros
- Doesn’t charge application fees or origination fees
- Offers discounts of 0.25 to 1 percentage points when using automatic payment
- Can get a 1% cash-back reward after you graduate
- Grace periods from 9 months to 36 months
cons
- May find lower interest rates with some competitors
- International students don’t have option to release cosigners
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 7, 10, 12, 15, or 20 years
Loan amounts
$2,001 minimum up to your school’s annual cost of attendance; lifetime limits of $200,000 for undergrads and $400,000 for graduates
Cosigner release
12 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or DACA student enrolled at least half time at an eligible institution. International students with a qualified cosigner may also qualify. Applicants who can’t meet financial, credit, or other requirements may qualify with a cosigner.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
3.47% - 17.99%
Loan Amounts
$1,000 up to 100% of the school-certified cost of attendance
Min. Credit Score
Does not disclose
Overview
College Ave offers student loans for almost every type of degree program, with a range of repayment options, including a unique eight-year repayment term. Additionally, you can get extended grace periods of as long as 36 months on graduate, dental, and medical student loans.
It's also possible to get loan approval for multiple school years at one time. About 90% of undergraduates applying with a cosigner are approved for additional student loans. However, you must complete at least half of your repayment term before you can remove a cosigner for your loan. Some lenders allow cosigners to be released much sooner, after as few as one to two years of payments.
pros
- Rate discount of one-quarter of a percentage point for using autopay
- Does not charge origination or application fees
- May qualify for multiyear approval
- Grace periods between 9 and 36 months for graduate, MBA, law, dental, and medical school loans and 36 months
cons
- Parents borrowers are required to pay at least the interest while the student is in school
- Cosigners not eligible for release until at least half the repayment term of the loan is completed
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 8, 10, or 15 years for most borrowers (law, dental, medical, and other health profession students have up to 20 years)
Loan amounts
$1,000 minimum up to your school’s annual cost of attendance; lifetime limits depend on your degree and credit profile
Cosigner release
Available after more than half of the scheduled repayment period has elapsed and other requirements are met
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident at an eligible institution. International students with a Social Security number and a qualified cosigner may also qualify. Applicants who can’t meet financial, credit, or other requirements may qualify with a cosigner.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
3.49% - 15.49%
Loan Amounts
$1,000 up to 100% of school-certified cost of attendance
Min. Credit Score
Does not disclose
Overview
Sallie Mae offers the Smart Option Student Loan for undergraduate students and a suite of loans for graduate students. You can borrow up to your school-certified cost of attendance and apply just once annually to get the funds you need for the entire academic year. Plus, applying for a Smart Option Student Loan with a cosigner may help you get a better rate.
Through Sallie Mae, you can find a variety of loans designed for specific needs, including loans for MBA programs, law school, medical school, and health profession programs.
pros
- Can borrow up to school-certified cost of attendance
- No prepayment or origination fees
- Loans available to noncitizens with an eligible cosigner
- Cosigner release after 12 on-time payments
cons
- No parent loan options
- No option to check your rates through prequalification
- Loan terms not disclosed until after you apply
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
10 to 15 years for the Smart Option Student Loan; 15 years for law school, MBA, and graduate school loans; 20 years for medical school loans
Loan amounts
$1,000 up to school-certified cost of attendance. Student must be listed as the borrower, and a parent may cosign.
Cosigner release
After you graduate, make 12 one-time principal and interest payments, and meet certain credit requirements
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident enrolled in an eligible program. Noncitizens residing and attending school in the U.S. may qualify by applying with a creditworthy cosigner, who must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident, and providing an unexpired government-issued photo ID.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
3.69% - 14.22%
Loan Amounts
$1,000 up to cost of attendance
Min. Credit Score
680
Overview
ELFI a division of Tennessee-based SouthEast Bank, offers private student loans and refinancing for undergraduates, graduates, and parents. Borrowers can take out loans starting at $1,000, with options up to the full cost of attendance at their school.
ELFI student loans are available to students nationwide who are enrolled in a bachelor's degree program or higher. Borrowers can choose from multiple repayment terms and benefit from competitive interest rates and support from a dedicated Student Loan Advisor. However, ELFI doesn't offer cosigner release or rate discounts, which may limit flexibility for some borrowers.
pros
- Receive support from a dedicated Student Loan Advisor
- Transparent credit and income requirements
- Flexible repayment terms
cons
- Must be enrolled in a bachelor’s degree program or higher
- Cosigners can’t be released from the loan
- No autopay rate discounts available
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
680
Minimum income
$35,000
Loan terms
5, 7, 10, or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,000 - Cost of attendance
Cosigner release
A cosigner may not be taken off a loan, but the borrower can apply for a new loan without their cosigner.
Eligibility
All 50 states as well as Washington DC and Puerto Rico.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
3.99% - 15.61%
Loan Amounts
$1,000 to $350,000 (depending on degree)
Min. Credit Score
720
Overview
Citizens Bank offers private student loans for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as parents. With its multiyear approval option, you can apply for a loan once, and as long as you qualify, you won't need to reapply each year. This means you can secure loans for future academic years without multiple hard credit checks.
Citizens borrowers can also take advantage of interest rate discounts. If you or your cosigner has an account with Citizens Bank, you can reduce your rate by 0.25 percentage points. Another 0.25 percentage points can be shaved off by enrolling in automatic payments, giving you the chance to lower your rate by up to 0.5 percentage points.
pros
- Multiyear approval lets you secure funding for future school years
- You can reduce your rate by 0.5 percentage points with autopay and loyalty discounts
- International students can apply with a qualified cosigner
cons
- Fewer repayment terms to choose from than some other lenders
- Long wait time for cosigner release
- Parents can’t defer payments while student is in school
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
5, 10, or 15 years for student loans; 5 or 10 years for parent loans
Loan amounts
$1,000 minimum, up to a maximum of $225,000 for undergraduate and graduate degrees; $300,000 for MBA and law; and $225,000 or $400,000 for health care student loans, depending on the degree type
Cosigner release
36 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident enrolled at least half-time in a degree-granting program at an eligible institution. International students can apply with a cosigner who’s a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
Credible rating
Fixed (APR)
4.24% - 14.02%
Loan Amounts
$1,000 to $99,999 annually $180,000 aggregate limit)
Min. Credit Score
Does not disclose
Overview
Citizens Bank offers private student loans for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as parents. With its multiyear approval option, you can apply for a loan once, and as long as you qualify, you won't need to reapply each year. This means you can secure loans for future academic years without multiple hard credit checks.
Citizens borrowers can also take advantage of interest rate discounts. If you or your cosigner has an account with Citizens Bank, you can reduce your rate by 0.25 percentage points. Another 0.25 percentage points can be shaved off by enrolling in automatic payments, giving you the chance to lower your rate by up to 0.5 percentage points.
pros
- Multiyear approval lets you secure funding for future school years
- You can reduce your rate by 0.5 percentage points with autopay and loyalty discounts
- International students can apply with a qualified cosigner
- Offers parent student loans
cons
- Fewer repayment terms to choose from than some other lenders
- Long wait time for cosigner release
- Parents can’t defer payments while student is in school
Interest rates
Fixed or variable
Minimum credit score
Does not disclose
Minimum income
Does not disclose
Loan terms
7, 10, or 15 years
Loan amounts
$1,000 to $99,999 per year (lifetime limit of $180,000)
Cosigner release
36 months
Eligibility
Must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident at an eligible institution. You must also meet Custom Choice’s underwriting criteria for income and credit, or apply with a cosigner who does. Eligible noncitizens such as DACA residents can also qualify by applying with a cosigner who’s a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
Credible rating